Froze up means usually means low on freon or the filters very dirty.
The principals are similar between the systems, but the freon is usually different. Cars are R12 and R134, home systems are usually R22 and R410A, which you can't buy without EPA permission.
R22 charges just like 12 and 134. BTDT, hook up the lines and it sucks freon out of the can. R410 is a blended freon and requires charging with liquid. Doing it wrong could cost you a compressor.
I installed the mini-split system in my house three years ago. It was precharged for 15' lines so all I had to do was vacuum the lines and inside unit and open a couple of valves. When it burned up the compressor speed control, I ordered the part and changed it myself. When it needed freon (R410A) this spring I called a pro. Finding the leak, fixing it and charging the system was $175.00. Me blowing up the compressor trying to do it on the cheap, $$$$. Though if I could have bought the freon I probably would have tried it anyway.