Searched the forums with no luck. It's a flathead V8. There's a crank case breather on the other side of the block but this one bothers me because it's open and quite low, close to the oil level, airborne oil would be seeking an exit. Older B&W images have no clues.
The expanded neck suggests something goes in there, but as the car is dead stock, nothing was there.
Other half of the draft tube probably fits in there.
The end would be below the splash pans, in the air stream under the car to suck out crankcase fumes.
Road draft tube sounds like a legitimate possibility but I would have thought it would come from the vee under the intake. It's been a very long time since I worked on a flathead Ford.
It's hard to find photos of these things. But here's another one without that Y. Photos look like the road draft tube bolts on on these engines.
Streetwiseguy said:Road draft tube sounds like a legitimate possibility but I would have thought it would come from the vee under the intake. It's been a very long time since I worked on a flathead Ford.
Must be a very long time, that looks like a Cadillac to me 
disclaimer: flathead Caddy is the only flathead V8 that I've ever worked on, and they are smooth sided, intake and exhaust both go into the V
I'm also going to assume road draft tube, if only because it makes sense for one to be on the left side of the engine.
What kind of flat head v8 is it?
322 LaSalle (Caddy). Exhaust manifolds are up top, parallel the intake. Nothing sucking up to the air filter. Do I put mesh in the hole? What did GM do?
Ah. Lasalle. I got nothing.
And, the last valve grind I did on a Ford was about 1977.
Last LaSalle I worked on was all top of the engine work. I don't recall a draft tube being bolted back there as there isn't much room in the vee at the back, exhaust runs out of that area.
I would find an exhaust U-bend that fits and make a new draft tube that slips in. Stuff a metal pot scrubber in the Y section you already have, then install the draft tube.
Ah HA! Maybe I have something.
Maybe not. I found this at https://fzoldcars.com/-39_LaSalle_Resto-Part_2.php
I am not saying this is right...
It is quite maddening how many pictures looked like this where you can't see the bottom of the tube...
If it doesn't need to be period-correct, you could improve performance, oil life, and emissions/cleanliness by switching to a modern PCV + oil catch can system.
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