In reply to Erich :
TL;DR: Answers: Quite narrow but I don't have a measurement, agreed now that the beads are seated, yes it inflates and then deflates though we're up to 15 minutes or so, and yes the beads are seated.
I should also have at least started searching for valve stem options as long as I'm asking, which i haven't really. I'll probably ask at my favorite LBS while I'm grabbing more sealant.
I have never seated a tire as tight as this Schwalbe. I went into this going "gee, Jesse, your compressor isn't set up and you're going to feel a fool when you can't pump fast enough to get the beads blow onto the rim. Is this really a good time to be swapping tires?" Instead, the tire was so tight even sitting in the channel in the rim that it took air just fine and scooched the tire over onto the rim proper and popped into seating. I've seen no evidence of leakage between tire and rim, but it was obviously blowing air and bubbling sealant around the valve stem at the junction with the rim.
I've had a little trouble with this before, though not with these rims, IIRC. It really is narrow enough that I had to push in on the stem after backing off the threaded ring to push the rubber cone past the beads inside to be sure the tire wasn't sitting on the stem, which I'm pretty sure is what was going on even though it was blind by that time. When I got the first bead on, I had to remove the stem and then reinstall it because there was no way I was going to work the bead over the stem end. (I had started with the outside of the tire facing the rim, so when it first landed the stem was on the wrong side of the first bead or vice versa)
I don't have a great pattern for feel here because I've had a little trouble before, and never got the sort of succinct solution I would have expected from doing a sweep from "barely finger snug" to "I can't believe I'm using pliers on a valve stem ring, even if my fingers are slick with Stan's goo..." (and it was exactly that; I was a long way from cranking with the pliers, but in the spilling sealant I was unable to get any kind of grip with my fingers)
At this best this morning it was no longer dumping air, and took 15-20 minutes to go unrideable. I actually started heading for the trail at one point.
Anyhow, that's a really long story. All I really want to know is whether there's a better option than the default stems. These are decent quality rims (original equipment Stan's, so not top-shelf, and probably a notch down from their aftermarket bits, but a long way from junk), OE valve stems (now 3-4 years old)... It dawns on me that the prior stem trouble must've been on the prior bike, as I've never even removed these tires 'til now, just popped off a few inches of bead to add sealant a few times.
It does seem unlikely that the tires are pressing on the stem now that they're seated, but the rim really is so narrow that before seating fully there was zero extra room. It just feels like the rubber cone on the stem went straight from "not enough force to get a good seal" to "so much force I'm going to deform."